需要使用C# 实现在Windows中注册全局热键的功能,需要使用系统自带的两个组件,分别是“kernel32.dll”、"user32.dll"
其中,"user32.dll"用于引用热键管理功能实现本文核心功能-热键注册,"kernel32.dll"内核级组件用于捕获注册热键时的异常。
新建一个类用于封装注册功能:
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;
public class AppHotKey
{
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
public static extern uint GetLastError();
//如果函数执行成功,返回值不为0。
//如果函数执行失败,返回值为0。要得到扩展错误信息,调用GetLastError。
[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool RegisterHotKey(
IntPtr hWnd, //要定义热键的窗口的句柄
int id, //定义热键ID(不能与其它ID重复)
KeyModifiers fsModifiers, //标识热键是否在按Alt、Ctrl、Shift、Windows等键时才会生效
Keys vk //定义热键的内容
);
[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(
IntPtr hWnd, //要取消热键的窗口的句柄
int id //要取消热键的ID
);
//定义了辅助键的名称(将数字转变为字符以便于记忆,也可去除此枚举而直接使用数值)
[Flags()]
public enum KeyModifiers
{
None = 0,
Alt = 1,
Ctrl = 2,
Shift = 4,
WindowsKey = 8
}
/// <summary>
/// 注册热键
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hwnd">窗口句柄</param>
/// <param name="hotKey_id">热键ID</param>
/// <param name="keyModifiers">组合键</param>
/// <param name="key">热键</param>
public static void RegKey(IntPtr hwnd, int hotKey_id, KeyModifiers keyModifiers, Keys key)
{
try
{
if (!RegisterHotKey(hwnd, hotKey_id, keyModifiers, key))
{
if (Marshal.GetLastWin32Error() == 1409) { MessageBox.Show(key.ToString() + "热键被占用 !"); }
else
{
MessageBox.Show("注册热键失败!");
}
}
}
catch (Exception) { }
}
/// <summary>
/// 注销热键
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hwnd">窗口句柄</param>
/// <param name="hotKey_id">热键ID</param>
public static void UnRegKey(IntPtr hwnd, int hotKey_id)
{
//注销Id号为hotKey_id的热键设定
UnregisterHotKey(hwnd, hotKey_id);
}
}
之后即可在主函数中重写窗口接受按键事件函数,在此之前需要定义相关常量。
下列例子中前几行需定义为函数私有变量。
private const int WM_HOTKEY = 0x312; //窗口消息:热键
private const int WM_CREATE = 0x1; //窗口消息:创建
private const int WM_DESTROY = 0x2; //窗口消息:销毁
private const int HOTKey1 = 0x1111; //热键ID ID可任意设定,但不得重复
private const int HOTKey2 = 0x2222; //热键ID
protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
{
base.WndProc(ref m);
switch (m.Msg)
{
case WM_HOTKEY: //窗口消息-热键ID
switch (m.WParam.ToInt32())
{
case HOTKey1:
// do something...
break;
case HOTKey2:
// do something...
break;
default:
break;
}
break;
case WM_CREATE: //窗口消息-创建
AppHotKey.RegKey(Handle, HOTKey1, AppHotKey.KeyModifiers.Alt, Keys.Subtract); //此处注册热键为Alt+加号键
AppHotKey.RegKey(Handle, HOTKey2, AppHotKey.KeyModifiers.Alt, Keys.Add); //此次注册热键为Alt+减号键
break;
case WM_DESTROY: //窗口消息-销毁
AppHotKey.UnRegKey(Handle, HOTKey1); //销毁热键
AppHotKey.UnRegKey(Handle, HOTKey2); //销毁热键
break;
default:
break;
}
}
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